1923

Haus am Horn demonstrates total design

The exhibition house in Weimar shows how multiple workshops could collaborate on one domestic prototype.

In 1922 Georg Muche, then the Form Master of the Bauhaus weaving workshop, produced the design for a 65-square-metre experimental single-family house. Construction preparations began in February 1923; the house was built spring through summer of that year on a plot at Am Horn 61 in Weimar, on land leased from the state of Thuringia with a view to developing a full Bauhaus settlement. Adolf Meyer, who managed the architectural operations of Gropius’s private practice, oversaw construction in coordination with the Bauhaus architecture department.

The house served as the central architectural exhibit for the Bauhaus Exhibition of July–September 1923, which opened under the slogan “Art and Technology: A New Unity.” It was the first project the school had taken from program to built structure under its own direction. All Weimar workshops contributed to the interior: Marcel Breuer furnished it through the carpentry workshop, Marianne Brandt supplied the lighting from the metal workshop, Gunta Stölzl provided textiles from the weaving workshop, and Oskar Schlemmer painted the walls. The house demonstrated the Bauhaus claim that workshops could converge on a single domestic environment — not a sequence of independent objects, but an integrated habitat.

The exhibition drew approximately 15,000 visitors and received mixed responses, with progressive support alongside conservative criticism in the Weimar press. The house was demolished after the exhibition. It had been partly funded by the Berlin industrialist Adolf Sommerfeld and was never built as a permanent structure; the funding shortfall that followed ended the proposed Bauhaus settlement before a second house was started. What survived was the documentation — drawings, photographs, and workshop records — of the school’s first attempt to test its workshop pedagogy against a real building at real scale.

Sources used for this page

  • institutional
    Haus am Horn

    Klassik Stiftung Weimar

    Model house for the 1923 exhibition, Muche and Meyer construction, all workshops collaborating on interiors.

  • institutional
    14 Years of Bauhaus — A Chronology

    Bauhaus-Archiv Berlin

    February 1923 preparations, August–September exhibition, first Bauhaus architecture project, workshop interiors.

  • primary
    Experimental House Am Horn — Drawings

    Georg Muche · 1923

    Plans and portfolio for the exhibition house, Harvard Art Museums collection.

  • institutional
    Bauhaus 1919–1928

    Herbert Bayer, Walter Gropius, and Ise Gropius (eds.) · 1938

    1923 exhibition timeline, Muche and Meyer authorship, Breuer, Schlemmer, and Brandt workshops, 15,000 visitors and mixed reception.

Further reading

  • catalogue
    Marcel Breuer — Furniture and Interiors

    Christopher Wilk · 1981

    Breuer's carpentry workshop furniture for Haus am Horn, Muche as architect, workshop integration.